Tandem road roller



Oct. 1, 1968 B. KALTENEGGER 3,403,610

TANDEM ROAD ROLLER 8 Sheets-Sheet l Filed March 16, 1966 /N VEN TOPBEAM/o /644 TEA/5665 Oct. l, 1968 B. KALTENEGGER 3,403,510

TANDEM ROAD ROLLER Filed March 16, 1966 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 /NVENTORBEA/,va KATEA/Eccs'c Evin-# ATTYJ.

8 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed March l /N VEN TOP BEN/va KAL rE/vs @se Oct. l,1968 B. KALTENEGGER 3,403,610

TANDEM ROAD ROLLER BEN/vo KAL rf/vEccE/z BY @4 gb Oct. l, 1968 B.KALTENEGGER 3,403,610

TANDEM ROAD ROLLER Filed MaICh 16, 1966 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 BEN/vo KALTfn/EG c Efe Oct. 1, 1968 B. KALTENEGGER 3,403,610

TANDEM ROAD ROLLER Filed March 16, 1966 8 Sheets-Sheet G Fig.7

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Oct. 1, 1968 B. KALTENEGGER TANDEM ROAD `ROLLER 8 Sheets-Sheet 7 FiledMarch 16, 1966 /NVENTOR s/wvo KAzrEA/fc-'arf/e ATTYJ'.

Oct. 1, 1968 B. KALTENEGGER 3,403,610

TANDEM ARYOD ROLLER Filed MarCh 16, 1966 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 /NVENTOPBEN/vo /644 Tg4/56625K States This invention relates to tandem roadrollers of the type having rolls arranged one behind the other in thedirection of travel.

Conventional tandem road rollers are relatively well known and for themost part are of varied and complex designs. In the case of one type ofconventional road roller a front roll and two rear rolls are arranged inspaced relationship with the front roll being pivotally mounted andsteerable. With road rollers of this kind the compacting of the subsoilcan be effected at both opposite sides of the rollers due to the factthat the axial outermost roll faces are in no way connected to frameelements of the rollers. However, rollers of this kind are cumbersomeeven when considered apart from the fact that they have three rolls.

In other conventional road rollers having two rolls disposed one behindthe other at least one of the rolls is surrounded on both sides by thevehicle frame. Such lateral projection of the frame is troublesomeduring the compacting of the marginal zone of the subsoil, i.e., `alongbuildings, walls, curbs, etc.

In accordance with another known tandem road roller a rear roll isunilaterally mounted in a U-shaped frame within which a front roll ismounted as a pivoting steering roll. With this design, rolls arrangedone behind the other are free from frame elements at only one andthesame lateral side or end face of the rolls so that the marginal zone ofthe subsoil at one side of the roller can be satisfactorily compacted.For working on the marginal zone of the subsoil on the opposite side,however, it is necessary to turn the entire roller through 180 and thisis both time-consuming and inconvenient. Furthermore, theabove-described road roller is excessively expensive to manufacture andis undesirably heavy.

In all known road rollers the roller width and position is predeterminedand unchanged. This is undesirable from the standpoint of rollermaneuverability.

It is a primary object of this invention to provide a tandem road rollerwhich has no troublesome frame elements at the lateral end faces orsides of the rolls so that the marginal zones of the subsoil can becompacted without hindrance and wherein it is possible to vary therolling width thereof. In accordance with this invention there isprovided a tandem road roller having rolls arranged on a frame onebehind the other in the direction of travel, the invention beingcharacterized in that each roll is mounted in overhung relationship onthe frame with the rolls offset laterally with respect to each other andeach roll having an end face projecting laterally beyond the frame. Inthis manner, a road roller is provided wherein both sides of the roadroller are free from frame elements without it being necessary toinclude a third roll, as in conventional structures. The roller itselfis simple in construction and is similarly simple to operate. It ispossible with the roller to compact opposite marginal Zones of thesubsoil without turning the roller around as, for eX- ample, whencompacting a roadbed between opposite curbs. With this arrangement therolls disposed one behind the other are preferably directly driven,thereby resulting in a compact and readily handled road roller.

In accordance with the invention the rolls of the road roller can befixed to the frame or the rolls can be mounted in such manner on theframe that they are pivotal and adjustable, independently of each otherin the nite one or the other direction, through a predetermined angle.By this means rolling widths of the rolls can be adjusted. In a normalposition of the rolls, i.e., at right angles to the frame elementsretaining the rolls, a rolling width is obtained which is somewhatgreater than the individual roll length. If the two rolls are pivotedrelatively to each other, the rolling width can be reduced to the lengthof one roll. If the rolls are, in each case, pivoted outwardly, arolling width of up to twice the smallest rolling width can be attained.The rolls are pivoted, in each specific case, through the same angulardegrees so that the rolls always pass through or into a position inwhich they :are parallel to each other. Any rolling width between theseextremes can be adjusted with the roller according to the invention.

It is furthermore possible to pivot only one roll of the tandem rollerwhereby turns or curves can be readily negotiated. It is also possibleto adjust any desired turning radium and by advantageous adjustment ofthe pivotal rolls a relatively small turning radius or circle can beachieved. The roller frame is also expediently constructed in such amanner that it has a central beam extending transversely of thedirection of travel and arms extending from the ends of the central beamin the opposite lo-ngitudinal directions. The rolls `are mountedover-hung on these frame arms. Both rolls can be driven forwardly andrearwardly, together or independently of each other as, for example, bymeans of a motor associated with each roll. Furthermore, each roll canalso be provided with an unbalanced driven shaft. Both a transmissionshaft for the drive of the unbalanced shaft and also the shaft fordriving the rolls are advantageously accommodated in the central beam ofthe frame. The two driving Shafts are expediently arranged one below theother and the drives for the travel of the tandem road roller and forthe vibration of the rolls are arranged independently of each other atthe side of the frame remote from each roll. For this purpose, thecentral beam of the frame expediently extends as a singular compactelement in the direction of travel of the rolls.

The complete independence of the drives for the travel of the roadroller and for the actuation of the unbalanced shafts has a plurality ofadvantages in the tandem road roller -of the invention. Theaccommodation of the independent driving devices is improved. Instead ofarranging a single, large and heavy driving device above the rolls, asis conventional, the driving devices are accommodated in the free spacebetween the rolls so that it is not necessary to provide troublesomeretaining devices and carriers or supports. Furthermore, it is possibleto use appropriate motors for each mode of driving and the transmissionsystems are relatively small. The problem of using high-speed motors issolved more satisfactorily than in the case of a common motor for bothmodes of driving. The vibration shafts, for example, can be driven athigh speeds, whereas, as a whole, substantially lower speeds areconventionally used for the movement of the road roller. Thepossibilities for regulation or adjustment are simpler and infinitelyvariable adjustment of the transmission system is facilitated.

The invention is described in more detail by means of the embodimentsshown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a highly diagrammatic top plan view, and shows a tandem roadroller according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a highly diagrammatic plan view, and shows a furtherembodiment of the tandem road roller according to the invention whichincludes pivotally arranged rolls;

FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of the Iroad roller of FIG. l, andillustrates a pair of rolls in longitudinally disposed relationship;

FIGS. 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views of the road r-oller of FIG 3taken lalong the line IV-IV and V--V of FIG. 3, respectively, and moreclearly illustrate various components thereof;

FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to that of FIG. 4, and illustratesindependent drive means for the rolls;

FIGS. 7 and 8 are further views of the road roller according to FIG. 2in respective side and top diagrammatic form, and illustrate means forpivoting a pair of rolls;

FIG. 9 is a vertical section through a roll taken along the lineVIII-VIII of FIG. 6, and more clearly illustrates the constructionthereof;

FIG. l is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IX--IX of FIG. 8,and illustrates -a planetary gear arrangement of the roller;

FIG. 1l diagrammatically illustrates a further embodiment of theinvention and shows another actuating device for pivoting the rollerrolls; and

FIGS. l2 through 14 show a further embodiment of the tandem road rolleraccording to the invention, the latter two views being taken along linesII-II and III-III of FIG. l2, respectively, and illustrate separatedrives of a pair of rolls. Y

A tandem road roller according t-o the invention has two rolls 1 and 2which are disposed one behind the other in the direction of travel, andboth rolls are mounted in overhanging relationship upon a frame 3. Therolls 1 and 2 are also offset transversely relatively to each other suchthat the outer lateral end faces or sides of the rolls, as well as theroad roller per se, are free from any troublesome frame elements. Theframe 3 consists of a central beam 4 extending transversely of thedirection of travel and arms 5, -6 extend from the ends of the centralbeam 4 in the opposite longitudinal directions. The rolls 1 and 2 `arepivotally and/or rotatably mounted on respective frame projections 7 and8 which are in turn rigidly connected to the frame arms and 6,respectively.

In the case of the example of the roller shown in FIG. 2, rolls 1a and2a are mounted for adjustable pivoting movement about respectivevertical pivots 9 and 10 of a frame 3a. Due to the pivotability of therolls 1a, 2a the rolling width of the road roller can be varied withinwide limits, as will be more apparent hereinafter, When the roll axesextend perfectly perpendicularly to arms 5a, 6a, a mean roll width isobtained. When the rolls 1a and 2a are pivoted in a direction toward thecentral beam 4a, the rolling width can be limited to the axial length ofone of the rolls and the rolls overlap completely with respect to therolling path. If the rolls are pivoted outwardly in each specific case,it is possible to achieve a width of the path to be rolled whichcorresponds to twice the axial length of one of the rolls. -By means ofan appropriate angular position of the rolls any desired intermediatewidth of the path to be rolled can be adjusted, and in each case therolls are parallel to each other.

FIGS. 3 to 5 show the structural details of the road roller of FIG. 1,and attention is directed speciiically thereto. Arranged on the centralbeam 4 of the frame 3 is a driving motor 11. A fuel tank is designatedat 12 and lair suction containers are at 13. Operatively associated withthe motor is a transmission 14 having control levers 15 and 1-6 forforward and reverse travel, respectively. The levers 15, 16 are alsoused for switching-in the vibration shaft and can, if desired, be.positioned on the same side of the beam 4. Connected to thetransmission 14 is a driving V-belt pulley 17 from which a V-belt 18extends to a belt pulley 19 which is iixed to a shaft 20 4mounted inbearings 21 and 22 in the central beam 4. Disposed at each end of theshaft 20 is a gear wheel 23 meshing with a driving wheel 24 by means oftwo gear wheels or gears 25 and 26. The gear 24 is connected to a hollowshaft 27 carrying a flange sleeve 28 which is pivotally mountedrelatively to the stationary frame projection 7 by means of a bearing29, and is also fixedly connected to an inner transverse wall 30 of theroll 1. The same driving members for the rolls 1 and 2 are arranged inboth lframe arms 5, 6.

Both rolls can be provided with a vibration device by means of anunbalanced shaft. For this purpose, use is made of a separate drivederived from the belt pulley 31 -of the transmission 14. A belt 32 isentrained about the pulley 31 and a belt pulley 33 is xed for rotationWith a belt pulley 35, by lmeans of a disc 34. The disc 34 is fitted toa shaft 36 carrying a gear 37 meshing with a gear 38 of a shaft 39. Withthis arrangement, the shaft 39 is mounted in the lower part of thecentral beam 4 and produces the transmission of the movement initiatedat 33, in va manner which is identical with respect to each of the rollsl and 2. From the belt pulley 35 a belt 40 extends to a belt pulley 41connected by means of a sleeve 42 to a shaft 43 mounted in the hollowshaft 27 by means of bearings 44 and 45. At the free end of the shaft 43is yan unbalanced weight or counterweight 46. The driving members aredisposed in a removable box housing 47, and are partially mounted inbearings (unnumbered). The rolls I and 2 are so arranged relative to thedriving members, particularly relative to the ange sleeve 28, that therolls can be assembled, removed and changed in a manner similar to thatof the Wheels of motor vehicles. After releasing the connection betweenthe inner web 30 and the flange 28, either roll can be drawn off fromthe entire driving device. It is possible to utilize narrow or widerolls depending, of course, upon whether narrow or wide surfaces are tohe compacted. The unbalanced weights 46 rotate in the same direction sothat the downwardly directed centrifugal (or vibratory) forces areeffective alterrrately on one and the other rolls. The road -r'oller canbe steered by means of a pole 48.

FIG. 6 shows a tandem vibration roller wherein the rolls are drivenindependently of each other. Arranged on each side of the frame is abelt lpulley 19, 19a. Both of the pulleys 19, 19a are adapted to bedriven from a common motor or, alternatively, by independent motors andtransmissions, in the same direction or in different directions. Eachbelt pulley 19, 19a is connected with an independent shaft 20a, 2017 andeach of the shafts carries a gear 23a, 23b, the two shafts 20a, 20hbeing mounted independently of each other in the -central beam 4 bymeans of the bearings 21, 21a and 22a, 22b. Additional gear wheels orgears 25 mesh with the gears 23a, 23b.

This mode of driving makes it possible to steer the road roller byvarying the speed of the two rolls relatively to each other. At the sametime, it is also possible to produce opposite rotation of the two rolls1, 2, so that it becomes possible to turn the road roller almost withinits own length.

In the case of the road roller of the example of embodiment shown inFIGS. 7 to 10, the rolls 1a and 2a are both pivotally and adjustablymounted in the frame 3a. The frame 3a consists of the central beam 4aand the frame arms 5a and 6a. The pivoting of the rolls takes placeabout journals 10 mounted in the frame arms 5a, 6a. Mounted for pivotingabout each of the journals 10 is a forked axle 50` having fork elements50a, the rolls being mounted for rotation about the axles 50 by means ofbearings (not shown). Connected to each fork element 50a is a rigidlysecured arm 51 to which is also connected an actuating device forpivoting the rolls 1a, 2a. In the case of the example illustrated, ahydraulic piston cylinder unit is provided for pivoting the rollers 1a,2a. Each piston cylinder unit includes a cylinder 52 pivoted at 53 tothe central beam 4a of the frame while a Ipiston rod 54 is connected toan end of each arm 51. As an alternative adjusting device, use may bemade of a mechanically operating device as, for example, a screwthreadedspindle engaging a nut pivotally arranged on each arm 51, the screwthreaded spindle also being articulately connected to the frame. In thecase of the example according to FIG. 1l, one of a pair of arms 51 isprovided with a toothed segment 55 meshing with a gear 56. Each gear 56is driven in an appropriate manner and in opposite directions ofrotation to adjust the roller 1a, 2a.

The drive of the road roller of FIGS. 7-11 is effected through theagency of a motor 11a and conventional gearing 14a. A drive take-offfrom the gearing 14a is effected by an exterally positioned belt pulley17a, a belt 18a and a belt pulley 19a fixed to a shaft 20c. The shaft20c is journaled in the central -beam 4a of the frame by means ofbearings 21e and 22C.

At the ends of the shaft c are sprocket wheels 55 from which chains 56lead to sprocket wheels 57. The sprocket wheels 57 are carried by theshaft 58 mounted in bearings 59 and 60. The shaft 58 is coupled to auniversal joint shaft 61, y62, the free ends of which are provided withuniversal joints 63 and 64 which can move in a known manner in an axialdirection relative to each other. Connected with the joint 64 is a shaft65 carrying a gear or geai wheel 66. The gear 66 is in mesh withintermediate planetary gears `67 which in turn mesh with an inner gear68 fixed to a transverse wall 69 of the roll 1a. Pivots 70 of the gears67 are mounted in a fiange 50b on the fork axle 50. Due to thisplanetary drive arrangement any desired gearing-down of the rotationalspeed of the rolls 1a, 2a can be achieved.

The pivoting range of the rolls depends mainly on the spacing betweenthe rolls and the frame arms and also from the central beam of theframe. As a rule, the angle between the normal position of the rolls andas maximum deflection in one direction is preferably approximately 20 toso that the entire maximum pivoting range of the rolls is In the case ofthe embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 12 to 14 the driving means for thetravel drive and for the drive of the unbalanced shafts are separate.The motor for the travel drive is designated 71 and is provided with atransmission 72 from which separate take-offs extend to the rolls 1 and2. Shafts 73 have an interposed clutch 74 and carry a gear 7S in meshwith a gear 76 connected with the driving shaft of the roll 2. Furthershafts 77, having an interposed clutch 78, rotate a gear wheel 79 todrive the roll 1 via an intermediate gear 80 and a gear 81 connectedwith the driving shaft of the roll 1. By means of the clutches 74 and 78the rolls 1 and 2 can be selectively put into operation, and it is alsopossible to leave one roll undriven. By means of suitable reversinggearing, the direction of travel of the rolls can be varied.

For driving vibration shafts 82 and 83 a motor 84 is employed whichmust, as a general rule, be substantially stronger than the motor 71 forthe travel drive. Disposed on the motor shaft `85 is a belt pulley y86from which a toothed belt 87 leads to a belt pulley 88, a shaft 89 ofwhich carries a belt pulley `90. From the pulley a toothed belt 91extends to a belt pulley 92 connected with the vibration shaft 83. Themotor 84 for the vibration drive can also be provided with an adjustabletransmission 4a.

With the frame arms 5 and 6, it is possible to connect carriers orsupports 93 and 94 connected by transverse supports 95 and 96 with theretaining device for the driving device for the travel drive or for thevibration shaft. The supports 93 and 94 can also be lightly supported onthe outer end of the rolls 1 and 2, and a drivers seat 95 may bearranged on the central beam 4.

What is claimed is:

1. A tandem road roller comprising:

(a) a frame defined by a central beam and a pair of arms;

(b) a pair of rolls arranged one behind the other carried by said frame;

(c) said central beam being disposed in parallel relauonship to the rollaxes;

(d) said arms being disposed laterally of each other,

generally normal to said central beam and projecting in oppositedirections with respect to each other;

(e) means for driving said rolls;

(f) said rolls being laterally offset relative to ea'ch other, each rollincluding an end adjacent an arm of said frame and a free end remotefrom the frame;

(g) said free remote ends being on opposite sides of said road rollerand including end fa'ces disposed laterally beyond the frame perimeter.v

2. The tandem roa'd roller as defined in claim 1 wherein the rolls arerigidily mounted on the arms of the frame.

3. The tandem road roller as defined in claim 1 wherein the rolls arepivotally rnoutned on the arms of the frame.

4. The tandem road roller as defined in claim 3 wherein a leg ispivotally mounted upon each arm; each roll is journaled for rotationabout a shaft portion of each leg; and means are provided for pivotingsaid legs to effect pivoting of said rolls.

5. The tandem road roller as defined in claim 1 wherein each roll isprovided with an unbalance shaft, and an unbalance weight of the shaftis fixed thereto remote from said frame.

6. The tandem road roller as defined in claim 5 wherein said drivingmeans includes a shaft for driving said rolls and a shaft for drivingthe unbalance Weights, and wherein said shafts are positioned in saidcentral beams.

7. The tandem road roller as defined in claim 1 wherein each roll isrnoutned upon a shaft, each shaft is normally disposed in substantiallynormal relationship to an associated one of said arms, and means areprovided for removing said rolls by axially drawing the same away fromsaid arms.

8. The tandem road roller as defined in claim 1, wherein said drivemeans includes a planetary drive arrangement, and said planetary drivearrangement is housed in at least one of said rolls.

9. The tandem road roller as defined in claim 8 wherein a drive shaft isconnected to said planetary drive arrangement, and a universal joint isconnected to said drive shaft.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,691,927 10/1954 Denton 94-50 X2,925,759 2/ 1960 Hillis 94-50 3,049,063 8/1962 Tinnin 94-50 3,105,42410/1963 Dion 94-50 3,192,839 7/l965 Vevier 94-5() 3,225,669 12/ 1965Green 94-50 FOREIGN PATENTS 230,760 3/ 1925 Great Britain. 438,928 11/1935 Great Britain. 806,147 6/ 1951 Germany.

JACOB L. NACKENOFF, Primary Examiner.

